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What are the types of stainless steel? What is stainless steel used for?
1. Ferritic stainless steel
Chromium content 15% ~ 30%. Its corrosion resistance, toughness and weldability increase with the increase of chromium content, chloride stress corrosion resistance is better than other types of stainless steel, high chromium content, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are relatively good, but mechanical properties and process performance are poor, mostly used for acid-resistant structures with little force and used as anti-oxidation steel.
Uses: Used in nitric acid and food factory equipment, can also make parts that work at high temperatures, such as gas turbine parts.
2. Austenitic stainless steel
The chromium content is greater than 18%, and it also contains about 8% nickel and a small amount of molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen and other elements. Good comprehensive performance, can resist a variety of media corrosion. Common grades of austenitic stainless steel are 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr19Ni9, etc. This kind of steel has good plasticity, toughness, weldability, corrosion resistance and non-magnetic or weak magnetism, and has good corrosion resistance in oxidizing and reducing media.
Uses: Used to make acid-resistant equipment, such as corrosion-resistant containers and equipment linings, transportation pipelines, nitric acid-resistant Equipment parts, etc., in addition, it can also be used as the main material of stainless steel watch jewelry.
3. Austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel
Austenitic and ferritic structures each account for about half of stainless steel. Higher plasticity, toughness, no room temperature brittleness, intergranular corrosion resistance and welding performance are significantly improved, while maintaining the 475 °C brittleness and high thermal conductivity of ferritic stainless steel, with superplasticity and other characteristics.
Uses: Its superior mechanical and corrosion resistance comprehensive properties have won the favor of users, and have become an excellent corrosion-resistant engineering material that saves both weight and investment.
4. Precipitation hardening stainless steel
The matrix is austenitic or martensitic structure, and the common grades of precipitation hardening stainless steel are 04Cr13Ni8Mo2Al. It can make it hard (strong) stainless steel by precipitation hardening (also known as aging hardening).
Uses: Widely used in cutting-edge industry and civil industry, such as typical precipitation hardening stainless steel 17-4P, can be used to make below 370 °C, requiring corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high strength structure
5. Martensitic stainless steel
High strength, but poor plasticity and weldability. The commonly used grades of martensitic stainless steel are 1Cr13, 3Cr13, etc., because of the high carbon content, so it has high strength, hardness and wear resistance, but the corrosion resistance is slightly worse.
Uses: Used in some parts with high mechanical properties and general corrosion resistance, such as springs, turbine blades, hydraulic pressure valves, etc. This type of steel is used after quenching and tempering. After forging and stamping, annealing is required.
6. Stainless steel plate and steel strip for pressure-bearing equipment
Stainless steel for pressure vessels, its classification and code, size, shape and allowable deviation, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and product quality certificate have clear requirements. Commonly used brands are 06Cr19Ni10, 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 digital codes: S30408, S31603, etc.
Uses: Mainly used in food machinery, pharmaceutical machinery and other sanitary equipment.
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