The principles that CNC machining processes need to follow

2023-07-20

The principles that CNC Machining processes need to follow

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(1) The principle of maximum concentration of the process and one-time positioning

Generally, on CNC machine tools, especially on the machining center to process parts, the process can be concentrated to the maximum, that is, parts in a clamping should be as far as possible to complete most or all of the processes that the CNC machine tool can process, CNC machining tends to concentrate the process, can reduce the number of machine tools and workpiece clamping times, reduce unnecessary positioning errors, high productivity. For hole machining with high requirements for coaxiality, all machining of the coaxial hole system should be completed through sequential continuous tool change after one installation, and then the holes in other positions should be machined to eliminate the influence of repeated positioning errors and improve the coaxiality of the hole system.

(2) The principle of coarse before refined

When performing CNC machining, when dividing the process according to the machining accuracy, stiffness and line change of the part, the process should be divided according to the separation of rough and finishing machining, that is, the roughing is completed before semi-finishing and finishing. For a machined surface, it should be completed in the order of roughing-semi-finishing-finishing. During rough machining, the performance of the machine tool and the cutting performance of the tool should be given full play to the performance of the machine tool and the cutting performance of the tool under the conditions of ensuring the processing quality, tool durability and rigidity of the machine tool-fixture-tool-workpiece process system, and try to use a larger number of cutting times to obtain the machining condition as uniformly as possible before finishing. Finishing mainly ensures the accuracy and surface quality of parts processing, so usually the final contour of the part should be continuously finished by the last knife. In order to ensure the quality of processing, under normal circumstances, the finishing allowance should be left 0.2-0.6mm, between rough and finishing, it is best to wait a period of time, so that the deformation of the parts after roughing is fully restored, and then carry out finishing to improve the machining accuracy of the parts.

(3) The principle of first near and then far, and first face before face

According to the distance of the machining part relative to the tool point, under normal circumstances, the part close to the tool point is machined first, and the part far from the tool point is processed later, so as to shorten the tool moving distance and reduce the empty travel time. For turning, the first near and then far is also conducive to maintaining the rigidity of the embryo or semi-finished product and improving its cutting conditions. For the machining of parts with both milling planes and boreholes, the milling plane can be carried out in the order of first milling and then boring. Because the cutting force is large when milling the plane, the parts are prone to deformation, first milling the surface and then boring, so that it has a period of recovery, and then boring after it recovers deformation, which is conducive to ensuring the machining accuracy of the hole, secondly, if the boring is bored first and then milling the plane, the orifice will produce burrs, flashing, affecting the assembly of the hole.

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