CNC machining technology: What are the processing technology and processing characteristics of thin-walled workpieces?

2023-07-24

CNC Machining technology: What are the processing technology and processing characteristics of thin-walled workpieces? Thin-walled workpieces are special workpieces, and the process of turning is different from general workpiece turning. When turning thin-walled workpieces, due to the poor rigidity of thin-walled workpieces, in the process of turning, there may be some problems, the following we will introduce according to the turning process of thin-walled workpieces, so that everyone can understand some problems when turning thin-walled workpieces.

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First, the processing characteristics of thin-walled workpieces
1. Due to the thin wall of the workpiece, it is easy to deform under the action of clamping force. This affects the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the workpiece. Under the action of clamping force, it will slightly become trilateral, but what is obtained after the car control is a cylindrical hole. When the jaws are released and the workpiece is removed, the outer circle returns to a cylindrical shape due to elastic recovery, while the inner hole becomes an arc-shaped trilateral. If measured with an inner diameter micrometer, the diameter in all directions is equal, but the deformation is not an inner cylindrical surface, which is called equal diameter deformation.
2. Due to the thin workpiece, cutting heat will cause thermal deformation of the workpiece, making the workpiece size difficult to control. For metal thin-walled workpieces with a large coefficient of linear expansion, such as the continuous completion of semi-fine turning and fine turning in one installation, the thermal deformation of the workpiece caused by cutting heat will have a great impact on its dimensional accuracy, and sometimes even cause the workpiece to be stuck on the fixture.
3. Under the action of cutting force, especially radial cutting force, vibration and deformation are easy to occur, which affects the dimensional accuracy, shape, position accuracy and surface roughness of the workpiece.
Second, the processing technology of thin-walled workpieces
1. The workpiece is divided into rough and fine turning stages
When refining, due to the large cutting allowance, the clamping force is slightly larger, and the deformation is correspondingly larger; When finishing turning, the clamping force can be slightly smaller, on the one hand, the clamping deformation is small, on the other hand, the deformation caused by excessive cutting force during rough turning can also be eliminated.
2. Reasonably select the set parameters of props
When finishing thin-walled workpieces, the rigidity of the tool holder is required, and the polishing edge of the turning tool is not easy to be too long, generally take 0.2-0.3mm, and the cutting edge should be sharp.
3. Increase the clamping contact surface
Use a slit sleeve or some special soft jaws. The contact surface is enlarged, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed on the workpiece, so that the workpiece is not easy to deform when clamping.
4. Axial clamping fixture should be adopted
When turning thin-walled workpieces, the workpiece is clamped axially by the end face of the axial clamping sleeve (threaded sleeve), because the clamping force is distributed along the axial direction of the workpiece, and the axial stiffness of the workpiece is large, and it is not easy to produce clamping deformation.
5. Increase the process ribs
Some thin-walled workpieces are specially made with several process ribs at their clamping site to enhance the rigidity here, so that the clamping force acts on the process ribs to reduce the deformation of the workpiece, and then remove the process ribs after processing.
6. Fully pour cutting fluid
By fully pouring the cutting fluid, the cutting temperature is reduced and the thermal deformation of the workpiece is reduced.

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