In CNC machining, a CAD (computer-aided design) model of the desired part is created as a blueprint for the machining process. The CAD model is then converted into a CNC program that contains the instructions the machine needs to follow.
Design CAD model
A CNC machine tool is a programmable machine tool, but before programming, the geometry, structure and design of the parts are done in CAD software. You can choose to build your own 3D CAD model or insert a 3D image that can be converted to a 2D model.
Convert CAD files to CNC programs
CNC machines are compatible with computer-aided manufacturing software and can convert 3D parts into CNC machine-specific codes. The code tells the machine how to move the cutting tool, adjust the speed of machining parts during rotation, movement, cutting Angle and depth, etc.
Here's an overview of the process:
Import CAD file:
In the CAM software, import the CAD file that contains the 3D model of the part. The software should support common CAD file formats such as STEP, IGES, or STL.
Define machining operations:
In CAM software, machining operations are specified according to the requirements of the part. This includes selecting cutting tools, defining tool parameters, and specifying machining strategies.
Generate tool path:
CAM software calculates the optimal tool path based on the selected operation, taking into account factors such as tool geometry, cutting conditions, materials and machine functions. It offers custom options to optimize the tool path to improve efficiency and quality.
Set machining parameters:
Machining parameters such as cutting depth, step length, clearance and tool change position are specified to ensure safe and efficient tool movement and prevent collisions and excessive material removal.
Post-processing:
CAM software performs post-processing to convert the tool path into a CNC program suitable for your specific CNC machine. The post-processor generates G-code instructions to control machine movements, tool changes, and other machine-specific commands.
Before the material is removed from a CNC machine, many checks and practices need to be carried out to ensure the best performance and the right tool. Usually, there is more than one way to process a part, and the CNC mechanic first chooses the machining operation.
Next is the processing sequence, which breaks down the steps and tools to be used. In the end, he chose machines that could be adapted to CNC machines and manufacturing processes.
Perform machining operations
The blank or workpiece is placed in a chuck or claw and the process code is transmitted to the CNC machine. Machines began removing material in an automatic and repetitive manner, automating the entire process to speed up production.
